嗜酸性腺瘤
嗜酸性腺瘤又称大嗜酸性粒细胞瘤,是一种少见的涎腺良性肿瘤。关于嗜酸性腺瘤的组织发生尚未完全明了,可能来自导管上皮或导管肌上皮细胞。嗜酸性腺瘤主要发生于腮腺,占腮腺肿瘤的1%以下,多为单侧发生,个别病例也可发生于双侧。有时也可见于颌下腺、腭腺、颊腺等。常发生于老年女性,80%发生于50~60岁。
病因
关于嗜酸性腺瘤的组织发生尚未完全明了,可能来自导管上皮或导管肌上皮细胞。
症状
嗜酸性腺瘤主要发生于腮腺,占腮腺肿瘤的1%以下,多为单侧发生,个别病例也可发生于双侧。有时也可见于颌下腺、腭腺、颊腺等。常发生于老年女性,发病年龄多在50岁以上。
嗜酸性腺瘤为良性肿瘤的临床表现,肿瘤体积一般较小,直径一般不超过5厘米,生长缓慢,病人无任何不适。肿瘤呈圆形或卵圆形,活动,质地较软,与皮肤无粘连。
诊断
本病主要与腮腺炎相鉴别:腮腺炎是由腮腺炎病毒侵犯腮腺引起的急性呼吸传染病,病人是传染源,飞沫的吸入是主要传播途径,接触病人后2~3周发病。腮腺炎主要表现为一侧或两侧耳垂下肿大,肿大的腮腺常呈半球形,以耳垂为中心,边缘不清,表面发热、有触痛,张口或咀嚼时局部感到疼痛。
并发症
可同时有垂体嗜酸性腺瘤,肾嗜酸性细胞瘤等疾病。
治疗
治疗方法是手术切除,并应切除一些正常、肿瘤外周的涎腺组织。
预防
目前还没有预防的办法报道,早发现早诊断早治疗是关键。
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